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Important Chapters for AFMC |
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Re: Important Chapters for AFMC
As you want important chaptors for AFMC Medical Entrance Exam for admission in MBBS Course, so here I am providing syllabus of AFMC Medical Entrance Exam: AFMC Medical Entrance Exam Syllabus BIOLOGY Unit 1 : Diversity in Living World Biology - its meaning and relevance to mankind What is living; Taxonomic categories and aids (Botanical gardens, herbaria, museums, zoological parks); Systematics and Binomial system of nomenclature. Introductory classification of living organisms (Two-kingdom system, Five-kingdom system); Major groups of each kingdom alongwith their salient features (Monera, including Archaebacteria and Cyanobacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia); Viruses; Lichens Plant kingdom - Salient features of major groups (Algae to Angiosperms); Animal kingdom - Salient features of Nonchordates up to phylum, and Chordates up to class level. Unit 2 : Cell : The Unit of Life ; Structure and Function Cell wall; Cell membrane; Endomembrane system (ER, Golgi apparatus/Dictyosome, Lysosomes, Vacuoles); Mitochondria; Plastids; Ribosomes; Cytoskeleton; Cilia and Flagella; Centrosome and Centriole; Nucleus; Microbodies. Structural differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic, and between plant and animal cells. Cell cycle (various phases); Mitosis; Meiosis. Biomolecules - Structure and function of Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic acids. Enzymes - Chemical nature, types, properties and mechanism of action. Unit 3 : Genetics and Evolution Mendelian inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Gene interaction; Incomplete dominance; Co-dominance; Complementary genes; Multiple alleles; Linkage and Crossing over; Inheritance patterns of hemophilia and blood groups in humans. DNA -its organization and replication; Transcription and Translation; Gene expression and regulation; DNA fingerprinting. Theories and evidences of evolution, including modern Darwinism. Unit 4 : Structure and Function - Plants Morphology of a flowering plant; Tissues and tissue systems in plants; Anatomy and function of root, stem(including modifications), leaf, inflorescence, flower (including position and arrangement of different whorls, placentation), fruit and seed; Types of fruit; Secondary growth; Absorption and movement of water (including diffusion, osmosis and water relations of cell) and of nutrients; Translocation of food; Transpiration and gaseous exchange; Mechanism of stomatal movement Mineral nutrition - Macro- and micro-nutrients in plants including deficiency disorders; Biological nitrogen fixation mechanism. Photosynthesis - Light reaction, cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation; Various pathways of carbon dioxide fixation; Photorespiration; Limiting factors . Respiration - Anaerobic, Fermentation, Aerobic; Glycolysis, TCA cycle; Electron transport system; Energy relations. Unit : 5 Structure and Function - Animals Tissues; Elementary knowledge of morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems of earthworm, cockroach and frog. Human Physiology - Digestive system - organs, digestion and absorption; Respiratory system - organs, breathing and exchange and transport of gases. Body fluids and circulation - Blood, lymph, double circulation, regulation of cardiac activity; Hypertension, Coronary artery diseases. Excretion system - Urine formation, regulation of kidney function Locomotion and movement - Skeletal system, joints, muscles, types of movement. Control and co-ordination - Central and peripheral nervous systems, structure and function of neuron, reflex action and sensory reception; Role of various types of endocrine glands; Mechanism of hormone action. Unit : 6 Reproduction, Growth and Movement in Plants Asexual methods of reproduction; Sexual Reproduction - Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination (Types and agents); Fertilization; Development of embryo, endosperm, seed and fruit (including parthenocarpy and apomixis). Growth and Movement - Growth phases; Types of growth regulators and their role in seed dormancy, germination and movement; Apical dominance; Senescence; Abscission; Photoperiodism; Vernalisation; Various types of movements Unit 7 : Reproduction and Development in Humans Male and female reproductive systems; Menstrual cycle; Gamete production; Fertilisation; Implantation; Embryo development; Pregnancy and parturition; Birth control and contraception. Unit 8 : Ecology and Environment Meaning of ecology, environment, habitat and niche. Ecological levels of organization (organism to biosphere); Characteristics of Species, Population, Biotic Community and Ecosystem; Succession and Climax. Ecosystem - Biotic and abiotic components; Ecological pyramids; Food chain and Food web; Energy flow; Major types of ecosystems including agroecosystem. Ecological adaptations - Structural and physiological features in plants and animals of aquatic and desert habitats. Biodiversity - Meaning, types and conservation strategies (Biosphere reserves, National parks and Sanctuaries) Environmental Issues - Air and Water Pollution (sources and major pollutants); Global warming and Climate change; Ozone depletion; Noise pollution; Radioactive pollution; Methods of pollution control (including an idea of bioremediation); Deforestation; Extinction of species (Hot Spots). Unit 9 : Biology and Human Welfare Animal husbandry - Livestock, Poultry, Fisheries; Major animal diseases and their control. Pathogens of major communicable diseases of humans caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, protozoans and helminths, and their control. Cancer; AIDS. Adolescence and drug/alcohol abuse; Basic concepts of immunology. Plant Breeding and Tissue Culture in crop improvement. Biofertilisers (green manure, symbiotic and free-living nitrogen-fixing microbes, mycorrhizae); Biopesticides (micro-organisms as biocontrol agents for pests and pathogens); Bioherbicides; Microorganisms as pathogens of plant diseases with special reference to rust and smut of wheat, bacterial leaf blight of rice, late blight of potato, bean mosaic, and root - knot of vegetables. Bioenergy - Hydrocarbon - rich plants as substitute of fossil fuels. Unit 10 : Biotechnology and its Applications Microbes as ideal system for biotechnology; Microbial technology in food processing, industrial production (alcohol, acids, enzymes, antibiotics), sewage treatment and energy generation. Steps in recombinant DNA technology - restriction enzymes, DNA insertion by vectors and other methods, regeneration of recombinants. Applications of R-DNA technology. In human health -Production of Insulin, Vaccines and Growth hormones, Organ transplant, Gene therapy. In Industry - Production of expensive enzymes, strain improvement to scale up bioprocesses. In Agriculture - GM crops by transfer of genes for nitrogen fixation, herbicide-resistance and pest-resistance including Bt crops. AFMC Medical Entrance Exam Syllabus - Chemistry Last edited by shikha; 17th August 2017 at 12:57 PM. |
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