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Old 19th October 2016, 12:19 PM
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Default KLEU AIET Syllabus

Can you provide me the syllabus of Biology subject of KLE University All India Entrance Test (KLEU-AIET) conducted by KLE University Belgaum as I need it for preparation?
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Old 19th October 2016, 12:39 PM
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Default Re: KLEU AIET Syllabus

The syllabus of Biology subject of KLE University All India Entrance Test (KLEU-AIET) conducted by KLE University Belgaum is as follows:

KLE UGAIET Biology Syllabus 2016

Contents of Class XII Syllabus

UNITI: Reproduction

Reproduction in organisms: Reproduction, a characteristic feature of all
organisms for continuation of species; Modes of reproduction – Asexual and
sexual; Asexual reproduction; Modes-Binary fission, sporulation, budding,
gemmule, fragmentation; vegetative propagation in plants.

Sexual reproduction in flowering plants : Flower structure; Development of
male and female gametophytes; Pollination-types, agencies and examples;
Outbreeding devices; Pollen-Pistil interaction; Double fertilization; Post
fertilization eventsDevelopment of endosperm and embryo, Development of
seed and formation of fruit; Special modes-apomixis, parthenocarpy,
polyembryony; Significance ofseed and fruit formation.

Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems; Microscopic
anatomy of testis and ovary; Gametogenesisspermatogenesis & oogenesis;
Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation, embryo development upto blastocyst
formation, implantation; Pregnancyand placenta formation (Elementaryidea);
Parturition (Elementaryidea); Lactation (Elementaryidea).

Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually
transmitted diseases (STD); Birth control-Need and Methods, Contraception
and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP); Amniocentesis; Infertility and
assisted reproductive technologies – IVF,ZIFT, GIFT(Elementaryidea for
general awareness)



UNIT – II : Genetics and Evolution
Heredity and variation : Mendelian Inheritance; Deviations from Mendelism –
Incomplete dominance, Co – dominance, Multiple alleles and Inheritance of
blood groups, Pleiotropy; Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance;
Chromosome theory of inheritance; Chromosomes and genes; Sex
determination – In humans, birds, honey bee; Linkage and crossing over;
Sex linked inheritance – Haemophilia, Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders
in humans – Thalassemia; Chromosomal disorders in humans;
Down’ssyndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’ssyndromes.

Molecular basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as
genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA
replication; Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code, translation; Gene
expression and regulation-Lac Operon; Genome and human genome project;
DNA finger printing.

Evolution: Origin of life; Biological evolution and evidences for biological
evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology and
molecular evidence); Darwin’s contribution, Modern Synthetic theory of
Evolution; Mechanism of evolution-Variation (Mutation and Recombination)
and Natural Selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene
flowand genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg’s principle; Adaptive Radiation;
Human evolution.





UNIT – III : Biology and Human Welfare

Health and Disease; Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases ( Malaria,
Filariasis, Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring
worm ); Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; Cancer, HIV and AIDS;
Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse.

Improvement in food production; Plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell
protein, Biofortification; Apiculture and Animal husbandry.

Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial
production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents
and biofertilizers.

UNIT – IV : Biotechnology and Its Applications
Principles and process of Biotechnology : Genetic engineering ( Recombinant
DNA technology ).

Application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and
vaccine production, gene therapy; Genetically modified organisms – Bt
crops; Transgenic Animals; Biosafety issues – Biopiracy and patents.


UNIT – V : Ecology and environment

Organisms and environment : Habitat and niche; Population and ecological
adaptations; Population interactions-mutualism, competition, predation,
parasitism; Population attributes – growth, birth rate and death rate, age
distribution. Ecosystem: Patterns, components; productivity and
decomposition; Energy flow; Pyramids of number, biomass, energy; Nutrient
cycling ( carbon and phosphorous ); Ecological succession; Ecological
Services – Carbon fixation, pollination, oxygen release.

Biodiversity and its conservation : Concept of Biodiversity; Patterns of
Biodiversity; Importance of Biodiversity; Loss of Biodiversity; Biodiversity
conservation; Hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book,
biosphere reserves, National parks and sanctuaries.

Environmental issues : Air pollution and its control; Water pollution and its
control; Agrochemicals and their effects; Solid waste management;
Radioactive waste management; Greenhouse effect and global warning;
Ozone depletion; Deforestation;Any three case studies as success stories
addressing environmental issues.





CONTENTS OF CLASS – XI SYLLABUS

UNIT – I : Diversity in Living World
What is living? ; Biodiversity; Need for classification; Three domains of life;
Taxonomy & Systematics; Concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy;
Binomial nomenclature; Tools for study of Taxonomy – Museums, Zoos,
Herbaria, Botanical gardens.

Five kingdom classification; salient features and classification of Monera;
Protista and Fungi into major groups; Lichens; Viruses and Viroids.

Salient features and classification of plants into major groups-Algae,
Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms (three to five
salient and distinguishing features and at least two examples of each
category); Angiospermsclassification up to class, characteristic features and
examples).

Salient features and classification of animals-nonchordate up to phyla level
and chordate up to classes level (three to five salient features and at least
two examples).


UNIT – II : Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

Morphology and modifications; Tissues; Anatomy and functions of different
parts of flowering plants: Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence- cymose and
recemose, flower, fruit and seed (To be dealt along with the relevant
practical of the Practical Syllabus).

Animal tissues; Morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems
(digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive) of an insect
(cockroach). (Brief account only)


UNIT – III : Cell Structure and Function
Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life; Structure of prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cell; Plant cell and animal cell; Cell envelope, cell membrane, cell
wall; Cell organelles-structure and function; Endomembrane system-
endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles; mitochondria,
ribosomes, plastids, micro bodies; Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (
ultra structure and function); Nucleus-nuclear membrane, chromatin,
nucleolus.

Chemical constituents of living cells: Biomolecules-structure and function of proteins, carbodydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; Enzymes-types, properties, enzyme action.
B Cell division:Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance.


UNIT – IV : Plant Physiology
Transport in plants: Movement of water, gases and nutrients; Cell to cell transport-Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport; Plant – water
relations – Imbibition, water potential, osmosis, plasmolysis; Long distance
transport of water – Absorption, apoplast, symplast, transpiration pull, root
pressure and guttation; Transpiration-Opening and closing of stomata;
Uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients-Transport of food, phloem
transport, Mass flow hypothesis; Diffusion of gases (brief mention).

Mineral nutrition: Essential minerals, macro and micronutrients and their
role; Deficiency symptoms; Mineral toxicity; Elementary idea of Hydroponics
as a method to study mineral nutrition; Nitrogen metabolism-Nitrogen cycle,
biological nitrogen fixation.

Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis as a means of Autotrophic nutrition; Site of
photosynthesis take place; pigments involved in Photosynthesis (Elementary
idea); Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis; Cyclic and
non cyclic and photophosphorylation;Chemiosmotic hypothesis;
PhotorespirationC3 andC4 pathways; Factors affecting photosynthesis.

Respiration: Exchange gases; Cellular respiration-glycolysis, fermentation
(anaerobic), TCA cycle and electron transport system(aerobic);
Energyrelations-Number of ATP molecules generated; Amphibolic
pathways;Respiratoryquotient.

Plant growth and development: Seed germination; Phases of Plant growth
and plant growth rate; Conditions of growth; Differentiation, dedifferentiation
and redifferentiation; Sequence of developmental process in a plant cell;
Growth regulatorsauxin,gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA; Seed
dormancy; Vernalisation;Photoperiodism



UNIT – IV : Human Physiology
Digestion and absorption; Alimentary canal and digestive glands; Role of digestive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones; Peristalsis, digestion,
absorption and assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates and fats; Caloric value
of proteins, carbohydrates and
fats;Egestion;Nutritionalanddigestivedisorders–P EM,indigestion, constipation,
vomiting,jaundice,diarrhea.

Breathing and Respiration: Respiratory organsinanimals(recall only);
Respiratory systemin humans; Mechanismof breathing and
itsregulationinhumans-Exchangeof gases,transportof
gasesandregulationofrespirationRespiratory volumes;Disordersrelated
torespiration-Asthma,Emphysema,Occupationalrespiratorydisorders.

Body fluids and circulation: Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation
of blood; Composition of lymph and its function; Human circulatory system-
Structure of human heart and blood vessels; Cardiac cycle, cardiac output,
ECG, Double circulation; Regulation of cardiac activity; Disorders of
circulatory system-Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris,
Heart failure.


Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of excretion-
Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; Human excretory systemstructure
and fuction; Urine formation, Osmoregulation; Regulation of kidney function-
Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH and Diabetes insipidus; Role

of other organs in excretion; Disorders; Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal
calculi, Nephritis; Dialysis andartificial kidney.

Locomotion and Movement: Types of movement- ciliary, fiagellar, muscular;
Skeletal muscle- contractile proteins and muscle contraction; Skeletal
system and its functions (To be dealt with the relevant practical of Practical
syllabus); Joints; Disorders of muscularandskeletalsystem Myastheniagravis,
Tetany, Musculardystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout.

Neural control and coordination: Neuron and nerves; Nervous system in
humans- central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and visceral
nervous system; Generation and conduction of nerve impulse; Reflex action;
Sense organs; Elementary structure and function of eye and ear.

Chemical coordination and regulation: Endocrine glands and hormones; Human endocrine system-Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid,
Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action
(Elementary Idea); Role of hormones as messengers and regulators, Hypo-
and hyperactivity and related disorders (Common disorders e.g. Dwarfism,
Acromegaly, Cretinism, goiter, exopthalmic
goiter,diabetes,Addison’sdisease).
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