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Recently I have taken admission in MBA Course at Bharathiar University, Coimbatore. Now I am finding links to download free study materials. So do you have any link to download free study material for MBA 1st Year Course of Bharathiar University, Coimbatore?

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As you are looking for study material for MBA 1st Year Course offered by Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, so here I am providing notes as study material.

Bharathiar University, Coimbatore MBA 1st Year Notes:

Topics cover 1st year syllabus:
Organizational Behaviour
Quantitative Methods
Managerial Economics
Human Resource Management
Information Technology Management
Management Science
Economic Environment of Business
Management Accounting
Production and Operations Management
Management of Information System
Marketing Management
Organization Effectiveness and Change
Marketing Research
Financial Management
Business Communication
Financial Accounting

Quantitative Methods Notes:
INTRODUCTION
Scientific methods have been mans outstanding asset to pursue an ample number of activities. It is analysed that whenever some national crisis, emerges due to the impact of political, social, economic or cultural factors the talents from all walks of life amalgamate together to overcome the situation and rectify the problem. In this chapter we will see how the quantitative techniques had facilitated the organization in solving complex problems on time with greater accuracy. The historical development will facilitate in managerial decision-making & resource allocation, The methodology helps us in studying the scientific methods with respect to phenomenon connected with human behaviour like formulating the problem, defining decision variable and constraints, developing a suitable model, acquiring the input data, solving the model, validating the model, implementing the results. The major advantage of mathematical model is that its facilitates in taking decision faster and more accurately.

Managerial activities have become complex and it is necessary to make right decisions to avoid heavy losses. Whether it is a manufacturing unit, or a service organization, the resources have to be utilized to its maximum in an efficient manner. The future is clouded with uncertainty and fast changing, and decision-making a crucial activity cannot be made on a trial-and-error basis or by using a thumb rule approach. In such situations, there is a greater need for applying scientific methods to decision-making to increase the probability of coming up with good decisions. Quantitative Technique is a scientific approach to managerial decision-making. The successful use of Quantitative Technique for management would help the organization in solving complex problems on time, with greater accuracy and in the most economical way. Today, several scientific management techniques are available to solve managerial problems and use of these techniques helps managers become explicit about their objectives and provides additional information to select an optimal decision. This study material is presented with variety of these techniques with real life problem areas.

ABOUT QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUE
Quantitative Techniques adopt a scientific approach to decision-making. In this approach, past data is used in determining decisions that would prove most valuable in the future. The use of past data in a systematic manner and constructing it into a suitable model for future use comprises a major part of scientific management. For example, consider a person investing in fixed deposit in a bank, or in shares of a company, or mutual funds, or in Life Insurance Corporation. The expected return on investments will vary depending upon the interest and time period. We can use the scientific management analysis to find out how much the investments made will be worth in the future. There are many scientific method software packages that have been developed to determine and analyze the problems.
In case of complete non-availability of past data, quantitative factors are considered in decision-making. In cases where the scope of quantitative data is limited, qualitative factors play a major role in making decisions. Qualitative factors are important situations like sudden change in tax-structures, or the introduction of breakthrough technologies. Application of scientific management and Analysis is more appropriate when there is not much of variation in problems due to external factors, and where input values are steady. In such cases, a model can be developed to suit the problem which helps us to take decisions faster. In today's complex and competitive global marketplace, use of Quantitative Techniques with support of qualitative factors is necessary. Quantitative Technique is the scientific way to managerial decision-making, while emotion and guess work are not part of the scientific management approach. This approach starts with data. Like raw material for a factory, this data is manipulated or processed into information that is valuable to people making decision. This processing and manipulating of raw data into meaningful information is the heart of scientific management analysis.

Formulating the Problem
As a first step, it is necessary to clearly understand the problem situations. It is important to know how it is characterized and what is required to be determined. Firstly, the key decision and the objective of the problem must be identified from the problem. Then, the number of decision variables and the relationship between variables must be determined. The measurable guaranties that are represented through these variables are notified. The practical limitations or constraints are also inferred from the problem.

Introduction - Defining the Decision Variables and Constraints
In a given problem situation, defining the key decision variables are important. Identifying these variables helps us to develop the model. For example, consider a manufacturer who is manufacturing three products A, B and C using two machines, I and II. Each unit of product A takes 2 minutes on machine I and 5 minutes on machine II. Product B takes 1 minute on machine I and 3 minutes on machine II. Similarly, product C takes 4 minutes and 6 minutes on machine I and machine II, respectively. The total available time on machine I and machine II are 100 hours and 120 hours, respectively. Each unit of A yields a profit of Rs. 3.00, B yields Rs. 4.00 and C yields Rs. 5.00. What should be level of production of products A, B and C that should be manufactured by the company so as to maximize the profit?

Developing a Suitable Model
A model is a mathematical representation of a problem situation. The mathematical model is in the form of expressions and equations that replicate the problem. For example, the total profit from a given number of products sold can be determined by subtracting selling price and cost price and multiplying the number of units sold. Assuming selling price, sp as Rs. 40 and cost price, cp as Rs. 20, the following mathematical model expresses the total profit, tp earned by selling number of unit x.

Now, this mathematical model enables us to identify the real situation by understanding the model. The models can be used to maximize the profits or to minimize the costs. The applications of models are wide, such as:
Linear Programming Model
Integer Programming
Sensitivity Analysis
Goal Programming
Dynamic Programming
Non Linear Programming
Queuing Theory
Inventory Management Techniques
PERT/CPM (Network Analysis)
Decision Theory
Games Theory
Transportation and Assignment Models.

Acquiring the Input Data
Accurate data for input values are essential. Even though the model is well constructed, it is important that the input data is correct to get accurate results. Inaccurate data will lead to wrong decisions.

Solving the Model
Solving is trying for the best result by manipulating the model to the problem. This is done by checking every equation and its diverse courses of action. A trial and error method can be used to solve the model that enables us to find good solutions to the problem.

Validating the Model
A validation is a complete test of the model to confirm that it provides an accurate representation of the real problem. This helps us in determining how good and realistic the solution is. During the model validation process, inaccuracies can be rectified by taking corrective actions, until the model is found to be fit.

Implementing the Results
Once the model is tested and validated, it is ready for implementation. Implementation involves translation/application of solution in the company. Close administration and monitoring is required after the solution is implemented, in order to address any proposed changes that call for modification, under actual working conditions.

ADVANTAGES OF MATHEMATICAL MODELLING
The advantages of mathematical modelling are many:
(a) Models exactly represent the real problem situations.
(b) Models help managers to take decisions faster and more accurately.
(c) Models save valuable resources like money and time.
(d) Large and complex problems can be solved with ease.
(e) Models act as communicators to others by providing information and impact in changing conditions.

SCOPE OF QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUE
The scope and areas of application of scientific management are very wide in engineering and management studies. Today, there are a number at quantitative software packages available to solve the problems using computers. This helps the analysts and researchers to take accurate and timely decisions. This book is brought out with computer based problem solving. A few specific areas are mentioned below.
Finance and Accounting: Cash flow analysis, Capital budgeting, Dividend and Portfolio management, Financial planning.

Marketing Management: Selection of product mix, Sales resources allocation and Assignments.

Production Management: Facilities planning, Manufacturing, Aggregate planning, Inventory control, Quality control, Work scheduling, Job sequencing, Maintenance and Project planning and scheduling.

Personnel Management: Manpower planning, Resource allocation, Staffing, Scheduling of training programmes.

General Management: Decision Support System and Management of Information Systems, MIS, Organizational design and control, Software Process Management and Knowledge Management.


Bharathiar University, Coimbatore MBA 1st Year Notes
drive.google.com/file/d/14W7z5jLOH1S-SYVa_gImY4HAOqqg_2lw/view