Panjabi University Patiala MSc Microbiology Entrance Test

Give me information about entrance exam for admission in MSc Microbiology course offered by Panjabi University Patiala ?

[Arvind Kumar]

Here I am giving you information about entrance exam for admission in MSc Microbiology course offered by Panjabi University Patiala

M.Sc. Microbiology
You have passed to Bachelor`s degree in Science with subjects in the Faculty of Life Sciences/ Biological/ Medical/ Engineering/ Food/Agriculture/ home Science/B.Sc. MLT are eligible.

Besides the candidates who has passed bachelor’s degree in sciences in any three of the following subjects are also eligible:
Mathematics/Statistics/Physics/ Chemistry.

Important dates :
Issue of forms : September
Last date for form submission : Oct. 15th

Syllabus :
MASTER OF SCIENCE
(SEMESTER SYSTEM EXAMINATION)
1. The course for the degree of Master of Science shall be spread over two academic years to be called M.Sc. Part-I and M.Sc. Part-II. Each part shall consist of two semesters. The examination for the first semester and third semester shall be held in the month of November/December and the examination for the second semester and fourth semester shall be held in the month of April/ May or such other dates as may be fixed by the academic council.
2. (i) Last date by which the admission form and fee complete in all respects must reach the registrar shall be as follows:
Examination without Late fee With late fee of with late fee
Rs. 500/- Rs. 1000/-
Nov. / Dec. Oct. 15th Oct. 21st Oct. 31st

April/ May Feb. 28 March 15th March 21th
No form/fee will be entertained after 31st October and 21st March respectively.
(ii) Incomplete form or form of candidate who have not cleared his /her all due will not be accepted
(iii) The candidate will be required to pay examination fees as prescribed by University from time to time.
(iv) The amount of examination fee to be paid by a candidate for each semester shall be as prescribed by the university from time to time.
(v) The medium of examination shall be English.
(vi) The syllabus shall be such as may be prescribed by the concerned faculty from time to time.
3. (i) Each paper shall have upto 20% Internal Assessment and atleast 80% marks for external examination. Combined internal assessment of all the subject will be sent by the host institution/department and will be entered in the detailed mark sheet as a separate identity.
(ii) The internal assessment will be based on all or some of the following criterion.
1. Average of two internal tests based on the lectures delivered
2. Assignments/reports/projects.
3. Seminar
4. Attendance & performance in the class

The break up of the marks for the above will be decided by the ACD of the department at the beginning of the semester.
The teacher/teachers concerned/incharge of each paper/practical class will be responsible for the evaluation & submission of the internal assessment. Later this will be clubbed up with all other papers and sent to Examination branch, PU, Patiala by the head of the institution/department.
(iii) To pass in a paper the candidate must score 35% marks in the external examination and 35% marks in aggregate (internal and external examination)
(iv) For a candidate who fails in a paper(s) his internal assessment for that paper will be carried over and supplementary examination will therefore consists of only external examination.
Note: The Internal assessment will be formulated and sent to COE as per prescribed schedule failing which the result for concerned candidates will be shown as R.L.
4. The Part-I (M.Sc-Ist semester) examination shall be open to any person who has been admitted to the course and fulfills the attendance requirements. The admission of the candidate will be subject to the eligibility conditions in force at the time of admissions.
M.Sc. Microbiology
The candidates who have passed the Bachelor`s degree in Science with subjects in the Faculty of Life Sciences/ Biological/ Medical/ Engineering/ Food/Agriculture/ home Science/B.Sc. MLT are eligible. Besides the candidates who has passed bachelor’s degree in sciences in any three of the following subjects are also eligible:
Mathematics/Statistics/Physics/ Chemistry.
5. Candidates shall submit their application forms for admission to the examination duly countersigned by the Head of the department/principal of the college along with a certificate from the Head of the department/ Principal of the College that candidate satisfies the following requirements.
(a) has been on the rolls of the University/Teaching department/College throughout the academic terms preceeding the semester examination and ;
(b) of having good moral character and
(c) Every candidate will be required to attend 75% of
the total number of lecture delivered/practical in each paper. For late admission, the candidates, lectures delivered will be counted from his/her date of admission.
It shall be necessary that 75% of the lectures prescribed for the course in the syllabus are delivered before session in that paper is held.
Teaching/Seminars/Tutorial/Guided Library reading:
Period of one hour duration 1 attendance
Period of 2-3 hours duration 2 or 3 attendance
In the department where there is separate period guided library reading, the attendance for period like the attendance for each paper shall be 75% and will be considered like a paper of a separate unit.
(i) In case of students whose names are stuck off on
account of non-payment of fee, their periods for the time they were not on the rolls, shall not be counted for.
(ii) The shortage in the attendance of lectures by the candidate will be condoned as per rules made by the university from time to time.
(iii) A candidate can take the first semester examination on completing the attendance requirement of that semester. A candidate can join the second semester even if he/She does not clear any paper of the first semester. He/She will be eligible to take the second semester examination along with the examination for the papers of the first semester in which he/she has failed.
(iv) A candidate can join the IInd Year/ 3rd semester only if he/she has cleared 50% of the total theory/practical papers for the first and second semester examinations.
(v) A candidate will be admitted to the 4th semester and allowed to take the examinations along with the examinations of first, second and third semesters papers in which he has failed, provided that for the award of the M.Sc. degree, he/she shall have to qualify in all papers prescribed for the M.Sc course within a period of four years from the date he/she joined the course.
(vi)After completion of two academic years of studies(i.e. four semester) he/she shall not be admitted to any semester of the same course and will not have any privileges of a regular student.
(vii)The minimum attendance requirement for taking an examination in a paper is 75% of the delivered lectures in particular paper.
(viii)Re-appear candidates will take semester-I papers along with semester-III examinations and semester-II paper along with semester IV examination.
8. The grace marks shall be allowed according to the general ordinances relating to “ Award of Grace marks”
9. Successful candidate who obtain 60% or more of the aggregate marks in Part-I and Part-II examination taken together shall be placed in the first division. Those who obtained 50% or more but less than 60% shall be placed in the second division and all below 50% shall be placed in the third division.
10. A candidate who has passed M.Sc. examination from this university shall have two chances within a period of two years after passing the examination to improve division 55% marks. Improvement shall be allowed in not more than 50% of total theory paper/s offered in Part-I and part-II examination. However previous marks of the practicals /project will be carried forward in the paper(s) in which he appears for improvement. Uch candidate shall be allowed to appear both in annual and/ or supplementary examination.
11. There will not be any re-valuation of dissertation.


M.Sc. (Microbiology)
Scheme of Courses (2009-2010 & 2010-2011)
Ist Semester
Sr. No. Subject/Paper Marks
1. Paper-I General Microbiology 60
2. Paper-II Bacteriology 60
3. Paper-III Virology 60
4. Paper-IV Microbial Metabolism and Biochemistry 60
5. Paper-I Practical Paper-Pertaining to Paper I & II 80
6. Paper-II Practical Paper-Pertaining to Paper III & IV 80
7. Internal assessment 100*
Total 500

__________________________________________________ ___________________________
* Internal Assessment will be sent by the host institution on the basis of marks obtained in internal tests, seminar, industrial visits, assignments etc as following scheme.
Internal Test (Average of Two) for theory: 20X4= 80;
Tutorial (Average of Two): 10 marks
Assignment = 10


M.Sc. (Microbiology)
Scheme of Courses (2009-2010 & 2010-2011)
IInd Semester
Sr. No. Subject/Paper Marks
1. Paper-V Immunology 60
2. Paper-VI Genetic Engineering & Molecular Biology 60
3. Paper-VII Industrial Microbiology 60
4. Paper- VIII Food Microbiology 60
5. Paper-III Practical Paper-Pertaining to Paper V & VI 80
6. Paper-IV Practical Paper-Pertaining to Paper VII & VIII 80
7. Internal assessment 100*
Total 500

__________________________________________________ ___________________________
* Internal Assessment will be sent by the host institution on the basis of marks obtained in internal tests, seminar, industrial visits, assignments etc as following scheme.
Internal Test (Average of Two) for theory: 20X4= 80;
Tutorial (Average of Two): 10 marks
Assignment = 10

M.Sc (Microbiology) Semester-I
Paper-I - General Microbiology
Teaching Hours-60 M. Marks: 60
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER SETTERS:
The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D and E. Section A, B, C and D will have two questions from the respective sections of the syllabus and carry 10 marks each. Section E will consist of 10 short answer type questions, which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 20 marks in all.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES:
Candidates are required to attempt one question each form sections A, B, C and D of the question paper and the entire section E.

Section-A
1. Historical developments of microbiology, scope of microbiology, brief account of organization and classification of microorganisms and salient features of bacteria, prokaryotic cell structure and its differences from eukaryotic cell.
2. Microscopy: Principle of bright field microscopy, dark field microscopy, fluorescence and immuno-flourescence microscopy, phase contrast and electron (transmission and scanning) microscopy and their applications in microbiology,. Staining of microorganisms
Section-B
3. Growth and Reproduction of bacteria, population growth and its measurement, effect of environmental conditions (pH, temperature, aeration, etc.) continuous culture, diauxic growth, synchronous cultures.
4. Nutritional types of bacteria, types of media (selective media, differential media, assay and enrichment media), choice of media, Preservation and maintenance of Microorganisms by periodic transfer and cryo-preservation, Lyopholization
Section-C
5. General account of prokaryotic genome, transformation (in-vivo and in-vitro transformation), competent cells, in-vitro generation of competent cells. Mechanism of transformation and its role in molecular biology
6. Conjugation: F-factor, sex pili, Hfr cells, its mechanism and its role in development of multi drug resistance. Transduction: temperate phage and lysogenic cycle, mechanism of transduction, abortive transduction and its role in microbiology
Section-D
7. Archaebacteria : Evolutionary trends in relation to archaebacteria, properties of archaebacteria, salient features and difference from eubacteria and eukaryotes, Detailed accounts of thermophiles, halophiles and methanogens, their biochemical and physiological adaptation, biotechnological aspects of extremophiles
8. General account on control of Microorganisms: Control of microbes by physical and chemical agents, Antibiotics: properties and mode of action. Drug resistance and its significance. Antibiotic sensitivity test.


Books Recommended:
1. Stanier, R.Y. Adelberg, E.A. and Ingraham, J.L. (2004). General Microbiology, IV ed. Mac Millan Press.
2. Pelczer, M.J. Chan, E.C.S. and Krieg, N.R. (2003). Microbiology, V. ed. Mc. Graw Hill.
3. Prescott. L.M. Harley J.P. and L. Kleig D.A. (2005). Microbiology, WCB Publishers.
4. Alcamo, I.E. (2001) Fundamentals of Microbiology, John & Barlett Publishers


M.Sc (Microbiology) Semester-I
Paper-II - Bacteriology
Teaching Hours-60 M. Marks: 60
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER SETTERS:
The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D and E. Section A, B, C and D will have two questions from the respective sections of the syllabus and carry 10 marks each. Section E will consist of 10 short answer type questions, which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 20 marks in all.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES:
Candidates are required to attempt one question each form sections A, B, C and D of the question paper and the entire section E.

Section-A
1. History of bacteriology, Discovery of bacteria, Role of microorganisms in geochemical cycling, transformation of organic and inorganic matter, development of microbiology
2. Morphology and ultra structure of bacteria, morphological types, cell wall of Gram +ve and Gram –ve bacteria, eukaryotes, L-form, Cell wall synthesis, capsules- types, composition and functions. Cell membranes- structure, composition and properties
Section-B
3. Ultra structure and functions of flagella, cilia, pili, gas vesicle, chromosomes, carboxysomes, magnetosomes, phycobilisomes, endospore, capsules and S- layer
4. Reserve food materials- PHB, phosphate granules, oil droplets, cyanophycean granules and sulphur inclusions
Section-C
5. Bacterial taxonomy based on DNA base homology, 16S rRNA gene sequence and DNA hybridization.
6. Classification of Microorganisms- Hackel`s three kingdom concept, Whittaker`s five kingdom concept, Bergey`s system of Bacterial Classification: General features of Rickettisae, Mycoplasma, Actinomycetes/actinobacteria
Section-D
7. Pathogenic Gram +ve bacteria and brief account on diseases caused by : Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Clostridium, Mycobacteria,
8. Pathogenic Gram -ve bacteria and brief account on diseases caused by: Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella,Vibrio cholerae, Pseudomonas, Neisseria.





Books Recommended:
1. Buchanan, R.E. and Gibbens, M.E. (2005) Bergey`s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Vol. I, II, III & IV, Springer Publications
2. Davis, B.D. Delbecco. R. Eisen, H.N. Ginsberg. H.S. and Wood, W.B. Jr. (2000) Microbiology, Harper & Row Publishers
3. Stanier, R.Y., Ingraham, J.L. Wheelis, M.L. and Painter, P.R. (2003). General Microbiology, Mac. Millan Press Ltd. U.K.
4. Black, J.G. (2004) Microbiology: Principles & Exploration. 4th Edition, Wiley Publishers

[Arvind Kumar]

M.Sc (Microbiology) Semester-I
Paper-III - Virology
Teaching Hours-60 M. Marks: 60
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER SETTERS:
The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D and E. Section A, B, C and D will have two questions from the respective sections of the syllabus and carry 10 marks each. Section E will consist of 10 short answer type questions, which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 20 marks in all.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES:
Candidates are required to attempt one question each form sections A, B, C and D of the question paper and the entire section E.

Section-A
1. Historical account and development of virology, General characteristics, morphological variations, envelope, capsid and nucleic acid of viruses, replication and classification of viruses.
2. Brief account of Viroids, Prions and interferon
Section-B
3. Assay of viruses, biophysical properties of viruses, plaque, pock method and direct count method, Haeme-agglutination, serological and molecular based detection of viruses, use of electron microscopy in virology.
4. Phages: types, general properties of bacteriophage, detailed description of lambda, M13 phage and T2 phage, One Step growth. Isolation, purification and criteria of purity of viruses,
Section-C
5. Plant Viruses- structure, replication and transmission of viruses (Insects, amphids, air, water and soil, agricultural equipment, seeds, sap etc.)
6. Viral diseases associated with wheat, rice, okra, potato, tobacco and cotton, their symptoms, mode of infections & multiplication, control.
Section-D
7. Epidemiology, life cycles, pathogenecity, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of RNA Viruses: Picorna, Orthomyxo viruses, Paramyxoviruses, HIV and Oncogeneic viruses
8. Epidemiology, life cycles, pathogenecity, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of DNA Viruses: herpes viruses, hepatitis viruses, adenoviruses and pox virus



Books Recommended:
Davis, B.D. Delbecco.R. Eisen, H.N. Ginsberg. H.S. and Wood, W.B. Jr.(2004). Microbiology, Second edition.Volume –II, Harper & Row.
Cann, Allanj. 1997. Principles of Molecular Virology, Academic Press London.
Mathews REF 1998. Plant Virology, Academic Press, London.
Paniker, CJK (2005) A textbook of Microbiology, 7th Edition
Flint, SJ; Enquist, LW; Skalka, AMK (2000) Principles of Virology; molecular biology, pathogenesis and control.


M.Sc. (Microbiology) Semester-I
Paper -IV -Microbial Metabolism and Biochemistry
Teaching Hours-60 M. Marks: 60
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER SETTERS:
The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D and E. Section A, B, C and D will have two questions from the respective sections of the syllabus and carry 10 marks each. Section E will consist of 10 short answer type questions, which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 20 marks in all.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES:
Candidates are required to attempt one question each form sections A, B, C and D of the question paper and the entire section E.

Section-A
1. Introduction to microbial physiology, bio-energetics, basic concepts, enthalpy, entropy, Gibb`s free energy, Redox pairs in energy production, transport system (Passive, facilitated and active)
2. Metabolism- Anabolism and catabolism, permeation of molecules through vital membranes (ionic influx and proton conducting channels (PPC) for intracellular polymerization of macromolecules
Section-B
3. Enzymes: Nature, properties, nomenclature and classification of enzymes, co-enzymes, enzymes regulation and its inhibition, factor effecting enzyme activity
4. Proteins: Classification, Structure (Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure) and functions
.
Section-C
5. Photosynthesis (Photophysical, photochemical and biochemical phases) with particular reference to photoautotrophic microbes
6. Carbohydrate metabolism: Glycolysis, citric acid cycle, ETC (Complex I, II, III and IV) Chemi-osmosis and ATP generation, Gluconeogensis, ED pathway, Pentose Phosphate pathway and glyoxylate cycle
Section-D
7. Fatty acids: alpha and beta oxidation of fatty acids, DE- NOVO synthesis
Amino acids: catabolism of amino acids, urea cycle, synthesis of aromatic amino acids
8. Nucleic Acids: Structure of purine and pyrimidines, nucleosides and nucleotides, biosynthesis of nucleotides

Books Recommended:
Champe, PC and Harvey, RA (1994) Biochemistry, 2nd Edition, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Nelson, DL and Cox, MM (2005) Principles of Biochemistry, 4th Edition, WH Freeman and Co.
Moat, A and Foster, JW (2004) Microbial Physiology, 4th edition, wiley-liss publications


M.Sc (Microbiology) Semester-I
Practical Paper-I: General Microbiology & bacteriology
Time 4hrs Max Marks 80
1. Introduction to general equipments (autoclave, BOD incubator, hot air oven, laminar air flow, pH meter, colony counter) used in microbiology lab
2. Staining Techniques (Simple staining, Gram’s staining, Spore staining, Capsule staining, Acid fast staining).
3. Media preparation and its sterilization
4. Isolation and enumeration of bacteria from soil by serial dilution and agar plating method
5. To study morphology of bacteria isolated from soil sample
6. Determination of cell size of different microorganisms.
7. Determination of cell count by SPC method and DMC method.
8. Microbiological Quality of Water.
9. To isolate fungi and yeast from various sources and study their morphology.
10. To study the diauxic growth.
11. Calculation of generation time and growth rate of bacterial culture.


M.Sc (Microbiology) Semester-I
Practical Paper II -Virology & Microbial Metabolism and Biochemistry
Time 4hrs Max Marks 80
Isolation and enumeration of bacteiophage from sewerage water
To study symptoms of viral infection in plants
To check the purity of DNA using UV-Vis spectrophotometer
Demonstration of agarose gel electrophoresis.
Demonstration of SDS-PAGE electrophoresis
To study the effect of temperature on the growth of bacteria/ yeast
To study the effect of pH on the growth of bacteria/ yeast
To study the effect of salt concentration on the growth of bacteria/ yeast
To study the effect of UV radiations on the growth of bacteria/ yeast
Qualitative estimation of carbohydrates
Quantitative estimation of carbohydrates by DNS method
Quantitative estimation of carbohydrates by anthrone method
Quantitative estimation of proteins by Biuret method
Quantitative estimation of proteins by Folin-Lowery`s method
To perform various biochemical tests of bacteria: Acid and gas production from sugars, gelatin liquefaction, starch hydrolysis, casein hydrolysis, nitrate reduction, indole production, H2S production, methyl red test, Vogues Proskauer test, citrate utilization, catalase activity, urea activity, oxidase activity.


M.Sc. (Microbiology) Semester-II
Paper V-Immunology
Teaching Hours-60 M. Marks: 60
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER SETTERS:
The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D and E. Section A, B, C and D will have two questions from the respective sections of the syllabus and carry 10 marks each. Section E will consist of 10 short answer type questions, which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 20 marks in all.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES:
Candidates are required to attempt one question each form sections A, B, C and D of the question paper and the entire section E.

Section-A
1. History of immunology, composition and function of cells and organ system involved in immune system; host parasite relationship. Microbial infections: virulence and host resistance
2. Immune response, Innate and Acquired Immunity
Section-B
3. Antigens- structure and properties, types, adjuvants- antigen specificity, vaccines and toxoids
4. Immunoglobins- structure, types and, properties, Complement- structure, components and properties, functions, complement pathways and biological consequences of complement activation. Monoclonal antibodies
5 In-vivo and in- vitro methods: Agglutination, precipitation, complement fixation, immunoflurescence, ELISA, Radio immunoassay
Section-C
6. Structure and functions of MHC and HLA system.HLA and tissue transplantation, tissue typing methods, graft versus host reaction and rejection
7. Autoimmunity- theories, mechanisms and diseases with their diagnosis, Generation of antibody diversity
Section-D
9. Hypersensitivity reactions: Antibody-mediated Type –I, Anaphylaxis, Type-II- Antibody dependent cell cytotoxicity, Type III- Immune complex mediated reactions
10. Type IV- Cell mediated hypersensitivity reactions, defects in immune system: Primary and secondary defects, defects in complement, defective phagocyte mechanisms.


Books Recommended:
Kuby, J. (1992), Immunology, W.H.Freeman, USA.
Paul,W.E. (1991), Immunology: Recognition and Response, W.H. Freeman, New York.
Rao, V( 2006) Immunology, Narosa Publishers
Playfair, J.H.L. (1992), Immunology at a Glance (5th ed.), Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford.
Roitt, I.M, Brostoff, J. and Male, D. (1989), Immunology, 2nd ed. G.M. Publ., New York.

M.Sc. (Microbiology) Semester-II
Paper VI- Genetic Engineering & Molecular Biology
Teaching Hours-60 M. Marks: 60
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER SETTERS:
The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D and E. Section A, B, C and D will have two questions from the respective sections of the syllabus and carry 10 marks each. Section E will consist of 10 short answer type questions, which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 20 marks in all.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES:
Candidates are required to attempt one question each form sections A, B, C and D of the question paper and the entire section E.
Section-A
1. Nucleic acids: structure and function of DNA and RNA, DNA replication,
2. Transcription and Translation
Section-B
3. Gene expression and its regulation, Concept of operon, lac, trp and ara Operons
4. Molecular genetics: structural and functional genomics, proteomics
Section-C
5. Mutagenesis, types of mutants and mutagenic agents, role of mutants in microbial and molecular genetics, DNA damage and repair
6. Molecular mechanism of recombination, proteins involved in recombination, Transposons, its types and mechanism of transposition.
Section-D
7. Molecular cloning; techniques and their importance, cloning vectors; plasmid stability and in-compatibility, properties and uses, selection and characterization of clones, gene probes, labeling.
8. PCR: principle, types (Basic, Hot start, RT PCR, real time PCR, Nested PCR) and their role in molecular biology
Books Recommended
Friefelder, D., Maloy, S.R. and Cronana, J.E. 1994. Microbial Genetics, IInd edition, Jones and Barlett Publishers.
Lewin, B. 2008. Gene VIII. Oxford Univ. Press.
Malacinski, G.M. & Friefelder, D. 1993. Essentials of Molecular Biology, IInd Edition. Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
Synder, L. and Champness W., 1997. Molecular Genetics of Bacteria, ASM Press.
Brown, TA (2002) Genomics, 2nd edition BIOS Scientific Publishers LTD.
Klug and Cummings (2000) Concepts of Genetics, 6th edition, Prentics Hall, New Jersy
M.Sc. (Microbiology) Semester-II
Paper VII- Industrial Microbiology
Teaching Hours-60 M. Marks: 60
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER SETTERS:
The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D and E. Section A, B, C and D will have two questions from the respective sections of the syllabus and carry 10 marks each. Section E will consist of 10 short answer type questions, which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 20 marks in all.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES:
Candidates are required to attempt one question each form sections A, B, C and D of the question paper and the entire section E.

Section-A
1. Importance of industrial microbiology, isolation and screening of microbes with unique properties, raw materials of industrial importance, medium formulation
2. Process Technology: Fermentation and bioreactor design, fermentation parameters and their optimization, reaction kinetics
Section-B
3. Important microbial products, technology for production of beer, wine and alcohol, organic acids ( Citric acid and Itanoic acid), lactam antibiotics ( Pencillin and Streptomycin)
4. Industrial enzymes- Amylases, proteinases and celllulases, Amino acid production- Glutamic acid and lysine production, Microbial oxidative transformation of substrates
Section-C
5. Immobilized enzymes for production of HFCS, 6-APA and acrylamide
6. Treatment of industrial effluents (penicillin/alcohol industry) using activated sludge and anaerobic treatment options
Section-D
7. Recombinant protein expression with E.coli and fermentation. Expression in yeast Pichia pastoris, production of therapeutic proteins i.e. recombinant vaccines
8. Purification of recombinant proteins,: Expression of fusion protein, formation of inclusion bodies, production of Chymosin (Renin) in E.coli
Books Recommended:
Stansbury and Whittaker(2003) Principles of Fermentation Technology, Pergamon Press.
W. Crueger and A. Crueger Biotechnology 2nd Edition. (1992) Panima Publishers.
Moo Young Comprehensive Biotechnology Vol III and IV (1984) Pergamon Press.
Prave, E (2004) Fundamental of Biotechnology. Panima Publishing Corporation
Patel, AH (2006) Industrial Microbiology. Macmillian Press India Ltd.

M.Sc. (Microbiology) Semester-II
Paper VIII- Food Microbiology
Teaching Hours-60 M. Marks: 60
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PAPER SETTERS:
The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D and E. Section A, B, C and D will have two questions from the respective sections of the syllabus and carry 10 marks each. Section E will consist of 10 short answer type questions, which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly and will carry 20 marks in all.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CANDIDATES:
Candidates are required to attempt one question each form sections A, B, C and D of the question paper and the entire section E.
Section A
1. Food as substrate for microorganisms: Microorganisms important in food microbiology- moulds, yeast and bacteria, their importance, principles of food preservation,
2. Asepsis- removal of microorganisms (anaerobic, high temperature, low temperature and drying), Factors influencing microbial growth in food- Extrinsic and intrinsic factors, chemical preservatives and food additives, canning
Section B
3. Contamination and Spoilage: Cereals, sugar products, vegetables, fruits, milk and milk products, fish and sea foods, poultry, spoilage of canned food, detection of spoilage and characterization
4. Food borne infection and intoxications: (bacterial and non- bacterial) Brucella, Bacillus, Clostridium, Escherichia, Salmonella, Shieglla, Staphylococcus, Vibrio, Yersinia and Aspergillus
Section C
5. Laboratory testing procedures; preventive measures- food sanitation in manufacture and retail trade; food control agencies and its regulations, plant sanitation- Employee’s health standards
6. Waste treatment- disposal and quality control, ISO and HACCP system
Section D
7. Food fermentations: Bread, Cheese, Vinegar, fermented vegetables, fermented dairy products
8. Oriental fermented foods: Mycoproteins, tempeh, Soya sauce, idli, natto and poi.
Book Recommended:
Frazier and Klesthoff (2004) Food Microbiology
James,MJ(2005) Modern Food Microbiology, 4th edition
Adams, MR and Moss, MO (2003) Food Microbiology
M.Sc (Microbiology) Semester-II
Practical Paper III- Pertaining to theory paper V (Immunology) & theory paper VI-Genetic Engineering and molecular biology
Time 4hrs Max Marks 80
Isolation of genomic DNA from bacteria
Isolation of plasmid DNA from bacteria
To perform Agrose gel electrophoresis
To perform SDS- PAGE
Generation of Competent cells and study the transformation using plasmid
PCR amplification of 16S rDNA gene of bacteria
Restriction digestion of genomic DNA and amplified DNA
RNA isolation from dry yeast cells
To perform TLC and DLC
ESR determination
To Perform ELISA
To perform Double Immuno Diffusion


















M.Sc. (Microbiology) Semester-II
Practical Paper IV- Pertaining to theory paper VII (Industrial Microbiology) & theory paper VIII-Food Microbiology
Time 4hrs Max Marks 80
Determination of Iodine number of given fat sample
To determine fat, SNF, TSS of the given milk sample
To determine acidity of food sample
Isolation of Salmonella from given food samples
To perform wine production
To study amylase production and its estimation
Citric acid production and its estimation
Sauerkraut production
Determination of TDT of given sample
To check the quality of milk sample using MBRT test
To check the standard plate count of given food sample