2023 2024 MBA - Punjab National Bank IT Officer Question Paper

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File Based Data Management Disadvantages of file system

Database systems Need for Database, Advantages of using a database

Characteristics of data in a database Functions of DBMS, Components of a database, Comparison between Database and file-processing systems

Data dictionary Data abstraction, Data independence Logical and Physical data independence

Architecture: Overall Architecture of DBMS

Three level architecture Hierarchical, Networking, Relational Data Models (E-R Model, E-R Diagrams, EER Model), Advantages and Disadvantages of each model.

Advanced Concepts: Introduction to Data warehousing and Data mining Different types

Client/Server Technology: Client Server Distributed and Co-operative processing Peer- to Peer processing Application components Transaction management.

Relational Structure Characteristics of Relational Database Model CODDs rules Tables (Relations), Rows (Tuples), Domains, Attributes, Extension, Intention.

Keys: Candidate Key, Primary Key, Foreign Key, Super Keys, Unique Keys.

Data Constraints: Referential Integrity Constraints, Entity Integrity Constraints, Constraints like Primary key constraint, Unique, Check constraint strong Entity, Weak Entity.

Normalization: Introduction Purpose of Normalization Definition of Functional Dependence (FD) Relational database Design, Normal forms: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, 4Nf and 5 NF.

Database Administration: DBA Tasks DBA Tools User Privileges Performance monitoring and tuning Query tracing Backup and Recovery

Introduction to SQL: Advantages of SQL Invoking SQL*PLUS, The Oracle Data-types, Data Definition Language (DDL), Data Manipulation language (DML), Data Control Language (DCL), Data Query Language ( DQL) and all related commands.

Queries using Group by and Order by clause & Join: Querying a Single Table, Ordering results, grouping the results, Joins, Types of Joins, Sub queries.

Operators: Logical, Value, Syntax and Query expression operators Set operators.

Functions: Character, Arithmetic, Date and time, Group and Miscellaneous Functions, Commit, Rollback, Savepoint.

Format models: Character, Numeric & Date Format models.

Views: Introduction Advantages of views The Create View Command, Updating Views, Views and Joins, Views and Sub queries Dropping Views.

Sequences: Creating Sequences, Altering Sequences, Dropping Sequences.

Indexes: Index Types, Creating of an Index: Simple Unique and Composite Index, Dropping Indexes.

Snapshots: Creating a Snapshot, Altering Snapshot, Dropping a Snapshot.

Introduction to PL/SQL: The PL/SQL Syntax, The PL/SQL Block Structure, Fundamentals of PL/SQL, Advantages of PL/SQL data Types.

Control Structure: Conditional Control, Iterative Control, Sequential Control.

Exception handling: Predefined Exception User defined Exception.

Cursors: Implicit and Explicit Cursors

Procedures: Advantages Creating Executing and Deleting a Stored Procedure.

Functions: Advantages Creating Executing and Deleting a Function.

Database Triggers: Use of Database Triggers How to apply database Triggers Types of Triggers Syntax for Creating Trigger Deleting Trigger.

ata Communication: Components of a data communication Data flow: simplex half duplex full duplex; Networks Definition Network criteria Types of Connections: Point to point multipoint; Topologies: Star, Bus, Ring, Mesh, Hybrid Advantages and Disadvantages of each topology.

Types of Networks: LAN MAN WAN CAN HAN Internet Intranet Extranet, Client-Server, Peer To Peer Networks.

Transmission Media: Classification of transmission media Guided Twisted pair, Coaxial, Fiber optics; unguided Radio waves Infrared LOS VSAT cabling and standards

Network devices: Features and concepts of Switches Routers (Wired and Wireless) Gateways.

Network Models: Protocol definition standards OSI Model layered architecture functions of all layers..

Data Link Layer: Framing & its methods, Flow Control, Error control. DLL Protocol, Piggybacking & Pipelining. MAC Sub layer, Media access control for LAN & WAN, collision, IEEE 802 standards for LAN & MAN & their comparison. Ethernet, Wireless LANs, Broadband Wireless, Bluetooth.

Network Layer: Routing, Congestion Control Algorithms, IP protocol, IP Addresses, Comparative study of IPv4 & IPv6, Mobile IP.

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) User Datagram Protocol, Data Traffic, Congestion Control and Quality of Service

Network Security: Cryptography, Message Security, Digital Signature, User Authentication, Key Management, Security Protocols Internet,DNS,SMTP, FTP, HTTP, WWW, Virtual Terminal Protocol.

Operating System
Introduction to System Programs & Operating Systems, Buffering & Spooling, Types of Operating System.

File concepts, access methods, free space managements, allocation methods, directory systems, protection, organization, sharing & implementation issues, etc.

Process: Concept, Process Control Blocks (PCB), Scheduling criteria Preemptive & non Preemptive process scheduling, Scheduling algorithms, algorithm evaluation, multiple processor scheduling, real time scheduling, threads, critical section problem, semaphores, and classical problems of synchronization, etc.

Memory Hierarchy, logical and physical address space, swapping, contiguous and non-contiguous allocation, paging, segmentation, Concepts of virtual memory, Cache Memory Organization, demand paging, page replacement algorithms, allocation of frames, thrashing, demand segmentation.

Distributed operating system:-Types, Design issues, File system, Remote file access, RPC, RMI, Distributed Shared Memory(DSM), Basic Concept of Parallel Processing & Concurrent Programming

Security & threats protection: Security violation through Parameter, Computer Worms & Virus, Security Design

Software Engineering

The Software Product and Software Process Models, Software Process customization and improvement.

Requirement Elicitation, Analysis, and Specification Functional and Non-functional requirements, Validation, Trace ability.

Software Design, Architectural Design, User Interface Design, Function-oriented Design, SA/SD Component Based Design, Design Metrics.

Software Analysis and Testing, Software Test Process, Testing Levels, Test Criteria, Test Case Design, Test Oracles, Test Techniques, Black-Box Testing, etc.

Software Maintenance & Software Project Measurement: Software Configuration Management (SCM), Re-engineering, Reverse Engineering. Project Management Concepts, Feasilibility Analysis, Project and Process Planning, Resources Project Scheduling and Tracking, etc.